The Gurindji land handback recognizes years of collective struggle

SASO and Black People's Convention supporters held solidarity rallies despite a government ban. They celebrated Mozambique's movement towards independence and connected it to the struggle against...

The new law enabled federally recognized tribes to contract to administer programmes previously managed by federal agencies. It reflected sustained Indigenous demands for greater control over services...

Australia enacted its first federal law providing broad protection against racial discrimination. It addressed areas including employment, housing and access to services, drawing on the...

Mozambique became independent from Portugal with Samora Machel as president. FRELIMO's struggle had combined armed resistance with political mobilization against colonial domination. Independence...

Cape Verde became independent after the PAIGC's campaign linking its liberation with that of Guinea-Bissau. The transfer ended Portuguese colonial sovereignty over the islands. It represented a...

Whina Cooper and fellow marchers set out from the Far North to oppose further loss of Māori land. Organized through Te Rōpū o te Matakite, the hīkoi gathered support as it travelled south. The...

Thousands joined the arrival of the land march at Parliament in Wellington. Whina Cooper presented the movement's demands after the journey from Te Hāpua. The demonstration made continuing land...

Portuguese rule ended and the MPLA proclaimed independence in Luanda under Agostinho Neto, amid conflict with rival movements and foreign intervention. Liberation from colonial sovereignty was a major...

Suriname left the Kingdom of the Netherlands and became a sovereign republic. The transfer followed nationalist campaigning and negotiations, with Henck Arron as prime minister and Johan Ferrier as...

Students marched against the imposition of Afrikaans in schooling and the wider system of Bantu Education. Police fired on demonstrators, and the uprising spread. The students challenged an...