Provincial Law no. 9 authorized expulsion of African freedpeople considered dangerous, restricted residence and property rights, imposed fees, and required a register recording name, African nation, age, likely residence, and occupation. It targeted African freedpeople as well as regulating enslaved Africans; it must not be mistaken for a register of enslaved people alone. The measure followed the Malê revolt and shows how Black agency was answered with racialized surveillance and limits on mobility.
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Who was targeted by Bahia Law no. 9 in 1835?
The law especially targeted African freedpeople with expulsion and restrictions, while including rules concerning enslaved Africans.
Bahia Law no. 9 of 1835 targeted only enslaved people and did not affect African freedpeople.
It particularly targeted African freedpeople through expulsion, residence, property, and registration rules.