The UN adopts the convention against the crime of apartheid

Workers at Coronation Brick and Tile stopped work to demand higher wages. The action helped trigger a wave of strikes across Durban. Black workers used collective withdrawal of labour despite legal...

The Supreme Court delivered its judgment in the Nisga'a land case. Six judges recognized that Aboriginal title existed before colonization, but divided over whether it had been extinguished; the...

Oglala Lakota activists and American Indian Movement supporters began occupying Wounded Knee on the Pine Ridge reservation. They challenged local abuses and demanded that the federal government honour...

Dalit Panthers marched on the anniversary of Indian independence to question freedom that had left caste oppression intact. Their use of Black Power language connected struggles across different...

An assembly in territory controlled by the liberation movement proclaimed independence from Portugal. Years of armed struggle and political organization had established institutions outside colonial...

A federal court affirmed the treaty rights of participating Washington tribes to a share of the harvestable fish catch, generally up to half. The judgment followed years of Indigenous resistance to...

The Armed Forces Movement overthrew Portugal's dictatorship. Prolonged wars against African liberation movements had helped undermine the regime. The overthrow opened the way to negotiations and the...

FRELIMO and Portugal signed an agreement in Lusaka recognizing Mozambique's right to independence and providing for a transition. The agreement followed years of liberation struggle and the fall of...

SASO and Black People's Convention supporters held solidarity rallies despite a government ban. They celebrated Mozambique's movement towards independence and connected it to the struggle against...

The new law enabled federally recognized tribes to contract to administer programmes previously managed by federal agencies. It reflected sustained Indigenous demands for greater control over services...