đź“… 15 June 2006
The heads of state reviewed the organization’s first five years and renewed its stated mission of peace, cooperation and development. The declaration presented the SCO as a regional institution with a...
đź“… 15 June 2006
The member states named cooperation against terrorism, separatism, extremism and drug trafficking as priorities, and called for strengthening RATS. The language shows security capacity becoming a...
đź“… 15 June 2006
The fifth-anniversary declaration welcomed partner participation in projects involving energy, transport, communications and agriculture. This differentiated project-based engagement from full...
đź“… 15 June 2006
The heads of state identified information and communication technologies as a security concern and called for cooperation on international information security. The statement linked cyber and...
đź“… 16 August 2007
The six member states discussed globalization, security and shared development and adopted the Bishkek Declaration. The declaration framed regional cooperation as an answer to interdependence, while...
đź“… 16 August 2007
The six member states signed the Treaty on Long-Term Good-Neighbourliness, Friendship and Cooperation. It set a political framework for durable relations and cooperation across policy areas. Its...
đź“… 16 August 2007
The summit approved an action plan to implement the 2006 statement on international information security. The document extended cooperation from declaring principles to coordinating government...
đź“… 16 August 2007
The summit communiqué recorded that member-state leaders accepted an invitation to observe the active phase of a joint counterterrorism exercise in Russia on 17 August. The exercise displayed military...
đź“… 28 August 2008
At the Dushanbe summit, leaders set out positions on regional and global affairs. They supported peaceful settlement of conflicts and discussed the August 2008 war in Georgia. Their statement should...
đź“… 28 August 2008
The Dushanbe Declaration welcomed the six principles agreed in Moscow on 12 August 2008 and recognized Russia’s role in promoting peace and cooperation. This language revealed the SCO’s preference for...
đź“… 28 August 2008
The declaration referred to international standards for protecting human rights and civil liberties, including minority rights, alongside national law. This formal commitment offers a benchmark for...
đź“… 28 August 2008
The member states adopted rules for dialogue partners, giving interested states a formal channel for cooperation below observer status and membership. The new category widened the SCO’s external...
đź“… 28 August 2008
The member governments signed an agreement on cooperation against illicit trafficking in arms, ammunition and explosives. It expanded security coordination to transnational weapons flows, while...
đź“… 16 June 2009
At the 2009 summit, member states called for dialogue and a more equitable and rational architecture of interstate relations. Their position challenged concentration of global decision-making power,...
đź“… 16 June 2009
The member states adopted the SCO Convention against Terrorism, giving a treaty framework to cooperation against terrorism. Its legal definitions and obligations expanded the organization’s security...
đź“… 16 June 2009
The Yekaterinburg meeting took place during the global financial crisis and called for international cooperation on economic stability and development. It positioned the SCO as a venue for...
đź“… 11 June 2010
The member states issued a summit declaration in Tashkent, presenting the SCO as a platform for security, economic and diplomatic cooperation. Its principles of sovereign equality and non-interference...
đź“… 11 June 2010
The Tashkent summit adopted a procedure for future membership applications. This formalized a route for possible expansion, but it did not make any applicant a member or remove the requirement for...
đź“… 11 June 2010
Member states signed an agreement to cooperate in combating crime. The instrument broadened law-enforcement coordination beyond counterterrorism, making clear definitions, due process and protection...
đź“… 11 June 2010
During the 2010 Kyrgyzstan crisis, the organization emphasized assistance and stability but did not intervene militarily. This response reflected the SCO’s non-interference principle and exposed a...
đź“… 15 June 2011
The heads of state marked a decade since the SCO’s founding and reviewed its institutional development. Their declaration emphasized the organization’s permanent bodies and cooperation record,...
đź“… 15 June 2011
The members expressed support for international law, cooperation and a more democratic international system. This language challenged unequal global institutions, while the SCO itself remained an...
đź“… 15 June 2011
The Council of Heads of State approved a regulation on admission of new members, establishing a formal basis for future enlargement. The process remained controlled by existing governments and...
đź“… 7 June 2012
The six heads of state adopted a declaration describing a regional vision of peace, development and international cooperation. Its language of common prosperity raised a political aspiration;...
đź“… 7 June 2012
The Beijing summit granted Afghanistan observer status, widening its institutional relationship with the organization without making it a member. The decision recognized Afghanistan’s central place in...
đź“… 7 June 2012
The summit granted Turkey dialogue-partner status, creating a structured channel for cooperation. The decision demonstrated that participation in SCO dialogue did not require abandoning other...
đź“… 7 June 2012
The Beijing summit adopted strategic directions for medium-term development. The strategy set shared priorities while leaving implementation to member governments and the organization’s...
đź“… 7 June 2012
The member states adopted a programme for cooperation against terrorism, separatism and extremism for 2013–2015. The programme extended coordination under the familiar three-part security framework,...
đź“… 7 June 2012
The Beijing summit revised mechanisms for political and diplomatic response to situations threatening regional peace, security and stability. The measure offered an alternative to unilateral action...
đź“… 13 September 2013
The six heads of state adopted the Bishkek Declaration, emphasizing security, development, transport connectivity and cooperation. Its broad agenda shows the SCO’s attempt to connect regional...
đź“… 13 September 2013
The declaration urged expanded transport and communications capacity, logistics centers, trade, tourism and energy-saving technologies. The agenda promoted regional connectivity, while its impact...
đź“… 13 September 2013
The governments signed an agreement to support cooperation in science and technology. It extended the SCO’s agenda beyond security and trade and created a legal framework for exchanges, although the...
đź“… 13 September 2013
The Bishkek Declaration described the 2007 treaty as a legal foundation for regional peace and prosperity. This linked the organization’s diplomatic principles to a binding instrument but did not...
đź“… 12 September 2014
The member states issued the 2014 Dushanbe Declaration, reviewing regional challenges and cooperation. The text presented the SCO as an advocate of a more equitable international order while...
đź“… 12 September 2014
At the Dushanbe summit, leaders approved a strategy to guide the organization to 2025. It set long-range policy directions but depended on future member-state decisions, budgets and implementation.
đź“… 12 September 2014
The summit approved procedures and a model memorandum defining obligations for states applying to become members. This prepared the way for later expansion while preserving the existing members’...
đź“… 12 September 2014
The Dushanbe meeting adopted an agreement aimed at creating favorable conditions for international road transport. It reflected the organization’s growing emphasis on cross-border connectivity,...
đź“… 10 July 2015
The heads of state presented the Organisation as a vehicle for regional cooperation and a more representative international order. This is evidence of an official diplomatic position, not proof that...
đź“… 10 July 2015
The Ufa summit initiated procedures for considering India and Pakistan for full membership. This began a multi-year legal process and did not itself admit either state.
đź“… 10 July 2015
The Ufa summit expanded the Organisation’s external participation by granting Belarus observer status. Observer status allowed engagement without the rights and obligations of full membership.
đź“… 10 July 2015
The summit broadened the SCO’s relationship network through dialogue-partner status for four states. This created a tier of participation distinct from membership and observer status.
đź“… 10 July 2015
The strategy set a medium-term framework for political, security, economic, and cultural cooperation. Its adoption records stated priorities; outcomes depended on later implementation by member...
đź“… 10 July 2015
The Ufa agreement established cooperation and interaction among member states on border matters. It strengthened state-to-state coordination around border security and administration.
đź“… 10 July 2015
The statement framed narcotics production and trafficking, particularly in relation to Afghanistan, as a regional and international security concern. Its language places drug control within a...
đź“… 10 July 2015
The heads issued a shared commemorative statement about the war’s end and victory over fascism. The text shows how common historical memory was used in regional diplomacy.
đź“… 10 July 2015
The Ufa declaration addresses Afghanistan and the need for cooperation on security and reconstruction. Afghanistan appears as a neighboring society and policy partner, while the agenda remains...
đź“… 10 July 2015
The Ufa summit reaffirmed economic cooperation and implementation of the existing multilateral programme. The record captures an agreed agenda rather than evidence that a regional market or common...
đź“… 24 June 2016
The declaration reviewed the Organisation’s first fifteen years and reaffirmed its principles of mutual trust, equality, consultation, respect for cultural diversity, and common development. These...
đź“… 24 June 2016
The Tashkent summit adopted a programme to develop cooperation in tourism among member states. Cultural exchange and heritage travel became part of the organisation’s wider connectivity agenda.
đź“… 24 June 2016
The heads linked regional cooperation with a more balanced international system and a larger role for states outside established Western institutions. This claim marks an aspiration for agenda-setting...
đź“… 24 June 2016
The Tashkent text renewed security cooperation under the SCO’s established threat categories. A decolonial reading notes how this framework centers territorial integrity and state authority.
đź“… 24 June 2016
The declaration addressed Afghanistan and called for coordinated regional and international efforts. Afghanistan remained an observer and partner, not a member of the organisation.
đź“… 9 June 2017
The declaration addressed security, economic cooperation, international affairs, cultural exchange, and the Organisation’s further development. It became the first summit declaration after India and...
đź“… 9 June 2017
The Astana summit approved the accession of India and Pakistan, the Organisation’s first enlargement since its founding. The expansion extended the SCO into South Asia and brought new rivalries and...
đź“… 9 June 2017
The convention expanded the organisation’s legal framework for security cooperation. Its broad category of extremism raises questions about how governments distinguish violent threats from political...
đź“… 9 June 2017
The statement called for coordinated action against international terrorism and affirmed cooperation through the SCO and international bodies. It represents the member governments’ declared position.
đź“… 9 June 2017
The summit approved a joint plan to implement tourism cooperation. The measure connected heritage, cultural exchange, and cross-border travel to the SCO’s regional development agenda.
đź“… 9 June 2017
The SCO Secretary-General reported adoption of eleven documents, including the declaration, counter-extremism convention, terrorism statement, tourism plan, and ICRC memorandum. The package shows...
đź“… 10 June 2018
The declaration reaffirmed the Charter, the Shanghai Spirit, security cooperation and economic, cultural and humanitarian ties. It framed the enlarged SCO as a regional institution seeking a more...
đź“… 10 June 2018
The leaders approved a plan to implement the Treaty on Long-Term Good-Neighbourliness, Friendship and Cooperation. It translated diplomatic principles into a multi-year agenda among member...
đź“… 10 June 2018
The programme set out cooperation against terrorism, separatism and extremism, with the SCO Regional Anti-Terrorist Structure assigned a central role. Its security categories also raise questions...
đź“… 10 June 2018
The summit approved an anti-drug strategy, implementation programme and concept on preventing abuse of narcotic and psychotropic substances. The documents locate drug policy within regional security...
đź“… 10 June 2018
A heads-of-state statement called for joint efforts to address epidemic threats in the SCO space. It created a policy basis later invoked during the COVID-19 pandemic.
đź“… 10 June 2018
The appeal and action programme connected youth cooperation with preventing recruitment into terrorist, separatist and extremist organisations. The document presents youth through a security lens as...
đź“… 10 June 2018
A joint communiqué called for streamlining trade procedures among member states. It linked the organisation's political expansion to ambitions for practical economic connectivity.
đź“… 10 June 2018
The Qingdao summit adopted a concept for cooperation in environmental protection, creating a basis for later ministerial coordination on ecological issues.
đź“… 10 June 2018
The memorandum supported cooperation among member-state agencies responsible for foreign economic and trade activity, including support for micro, small and medium enterprises.
đź“… 14 June 2019
The declaration reiterated the Shanghai Spirit, cooperation under the UN Charter, regional security, trade and cultural ties. It presents the SCO as an alternative diplomatic forum while leaving...
đź“… 14 June 2019
Member states agreed to cooperate on digital and telecommunications infrastructure, information security, e-government, smart cities, data technologies and innovation. The concept tied regional...
đź“… 14 June 2019
The summit adopted an intergovernmental agreement on cooperation in mass media. It formalised information exchange while raising questions about state influence over public communication.
đź“… 14 June 2019
The declaration supported Afghan-led political settlement, implementation of the Iran nuclear agreement, and a negotiated Syrian settlement under UN Security Council Resolution 2254. Regional...
đź“… 10 November 2020
The declaration reaffirmed sovereignty, civilisational diversity, the UN Charter and cooperation across security, trade and culture. Such language articulated autonomy from Western-led hierarchies,...
đź“… 10 November 2020
The summit approved a comprehensive plan for member states to counter regional epidemic threats. It proposed coordination and joint work after COVID-19 had exposed the consequences of uneven health...
đź“… 10 November 2020
The summit adopted a concept for digital development in remote and rural territories. It addressed unequal access to digital infrastructure, though the approval itself did not establish implementation...
đź“… 10 November 2020
The leaders approved a plan to implement the SCO Development Strategy through 2025. It continued institutional planning during a period of public-health and economic disruption.
đź“… 10 November 2020
The leaders called for practical cooperation and fair competition in digital technology, linking the 2019 ICT concept to post-pandemic economic recovery. The statement records a policy ambition rather...
đź“… 10 November 2020
The member states issued a statement on historical memory, antifascism and the creation of the United Nations. The document made collective remembrance part of the SCO's account of the postwar...
đź“… 17 September 2021
The heads of state met in Dushanbe and adopted the anniversary declaration. The document recounts institutional development, affirms state sovereignty and non-interference, and sets priorities...
đź“… 17 September 2021
At the Dushanbe summit, leaders issued a joint statement on food security. It connected agricultural coordination and resilient food systems to regional cooperation; it records commitments rather than...
đź“… 17 September 2021
The Dushanbe summit adopted an agreement on cooperation among member states in work with youth, adding a social and educational dimension to the anniversary summit’s institutional programme.
đź“… 16 September 2022
At Samarkand, Iran signed a memorandum setting out its obligations on the path to full membership. The step formalized an accession process but did not make Iran a full member until 2023.
đź“… 16 September 2022
The heads of state adopted the Samarkand Declaration, emphasizing sovereign equality, dialogue, connectivity, and wider cooperation. Its language presents the SCO as a multipolar institution; analysis...
đź“… 16 September 2022
The heads of state issued a statement on reliable, sustainable, and diversified supply chains, placing trade and logistics resilience on the SCO agenda during global disruption.
đź“… 4 July 2023
The heads of state completed the procedure for Iran to become a full SCO member, expanding the organization to nine members. Accession changed the institution’s membership but did not itself resolve...
đź“… 4 July 2023
The heads of state adopted a statement on digital transformation, recognizing digital technologies as a field for cooperation and development. Implementation and equitable access remained national and...
đź“… 4 July 2023
The heads of state adopted the New Delhi Declaration and a package of other documents at India’s virtual summit, setting out priorities across security, economic, cultural, and international...
đź“… 4 July 2023
The heads of state adopted a statement on countering radicalisation leading to terrorism, separatism, and extremism. A decolonial reading notes how the organization’s security vocabulary centers...
đź“… 4 July 2024
At its twenty-fourth meeting, the Council of Heads of State admitted Belarus as a full member, adopted the Astana Declaration, and approved a package of decisions. The enlargement brought the...
đź“… 1 September 2025
At the Tianjin summit, leaders decided to grant Laos the status of SCO dialogue partner. This expanded the organization’s external-partner network without making Laos a member state.
đź“… 1 September 2025
The twenty-fifth Council of Heads of State met in Tianjin and adopted 24 documents, including the Tianjin Declaration and the SCO Development Strategy to 2035. The declaration’s multipolar and...
đź“… 1 September 2026
The twenty-sixth Council of Heads of State and SCO Plus meeting adopted the Bishkek Declaration and a package of 28 documents. Leaders approved charter amendments and measures establishing a universal...
