Workers kill Mariënburg director James Mavor

The steamship Voorwaarts arrived on 16 June 1894 with the second major recorded Javanese cohort in the National Archives ship chronology. Recruitment from Java was still experimental, but it became...

On 28 June 1902, 137 workers at plantation Alliance—100 Hindostani and 37 Javanese—stopped work and went to Frederiksdorp to present grievances. They objected to excessive tasks, low wages, and the...

On 29 June 1902, officials arrested Jumpa Raygaroo after workers had returned to Alliance from their protest. Fellow workers demanded his release, and a confrontation escalated around the official...

On 2 July 1902, workers at Mariënburg were in open conflict with management over low pay and demanding work. Earlier disputes included reduced payment per work task and an unresolved demand for higher...

On 27 July 1902, a group of reed cutters refused a work task paid at 15 cents per bed. Management proposed a higher rate for the longest beds, but workers considered the offer inadequate. Their...

On 30 July 1902, after arrests following Mavor’s death, workers moved toward the plantation office. Colonial troops opened fire. Seventeen people died immediately and seven more later died of their...

The Dewa arrived on 24 May 1916 with the final recorded group of Hindostani contract workers from British India. More than 34,000 people had arrived under the recruitment system since 1873. The...

On 10 January 1917, the Javanese ship Rotti arrived in Suriname with a new cohort of contract workers. The date came months after the final Hindostani ship, showing that the colonial labor system...

On 13 December 1939, the Kota Gede arrivals began their contracts in Suriname, marking the end of the recorded Javanese migration stream. The National Archives counts 32,965 Javanese arrivals from...