Javanese recruitment continues after Indian recruitment ends

On 2 July 1902, workers at Mariënburg were in open conflict with management over low pay and demanding work. Earlier disputes included reduced payment per work task and an unresolved demand for higher...

On 27 July 1902, a group of reed cutters refused a work task paid at 15 cents per bed. Management proposed a higher rate for the longest beds, but workers considered the offer inadequate. Their...

On 29 July 1902, Mariënburg director James Mavor was killed during the escalating labor conflict. The uprising followed months of wage reductions, heavy work, and disputes over task rates. Mavor’s...

On 30 July 1902, after arrests following Mavor’s death, workers moved toward the plantation office. Colonial troops opened fire. Seventeen people died immediately and seven more later died of their...

The Dewa arrived on 24 May 1916 with the final recorded group of Hindostani contract workers from British India. More than 34,000 people had arrived under the recruitment system since 1873. The...

On 13 December 1939, the Kota Gede arrivals began their contracts in Suriname, marking the end of the recorded Javanese migration stream. The National Archives counts 32,965 Javanese arrivals from...