Danish rescue effort carries Jews toward safety in Sweden

Jewish underground fighters resisted German forces as they entered the ghetto to complete its liquidation. The uprising lasted nearly a month and was defeated with overwhelming force, but it...

German and Italian forces in Tunisia surrendered to the Allies, ending the Axis occupation and the forced-labor camp period there. Jewish communities emerged from months of coercion and deprivation;...

After weeks of resistance, German forces declared the Warsaw ghetto operation complete and blew up the Great Synagogue as a symbol of destruction. The uprising had been crushed, but Jewish fighters...

Prisoners seized weapons, set parts of the camp on fire, and broke through the perimeter. Around 300 escaped, though many were later captured or killed. The uprising was planned by prisoners who...

German authorities began the final wave of deportations from the Vilna ghetto. Thousands were sent to killing centers, concentration or forced-labor camps, including Sobibor and camps in Estonia and...

Jewish prisoners killed SS personnel, set the camp on fire, and attempted a mass escape. Roughly 300 broke out; about 58 survived the war. The revolt undermines accounts that portray victims as...

German authorities and police rounded up more than 1,000 Jews in Rome. Two days later, most were deported to Auschwitz. The arrests followed Germany’s occupation of central and northern Italy after...

SS and police units murdered tens of thousands of Jewish prisoners at Majdanek, Trawniki, and Poniatowa on November 3–4. The killings were organized in German-occupied Poland and targeted Jewish...

President Franklin Roosevelt created the War Refugee Board after pressure from Treasury officials and advocates. It supported rescue and relief efforts, including diplomatic interventions, but was...

German troops occupied Hungary, whose government had previously allied with Nazi Germany while retaining some autonomy. The occupation enabled rapid anti-Jewish concentration and deportation,...