German forces declare the Warsaw ghetto uprising defeated

Bulgarian occupation forces rounded up more than 7,000 Jews from Skopje and nearby areas and confined them at a tobacco warehouse before deportation to Treblinka. Bulgaria’s wartime record differed by...

German authorities began deporting Salonika’s Jews to Auschwitz-Birkenau. Between March and August, more than 45,000 Jews were deported; German occupation authorities exploited local administration...

The first deportation transport from Salonika arrived at Auschwitz-Birkenau. This marked the start of a sequence that destroyed one of Europe’s largest Sephardic Jewish communities, whose...

Jewish underground fighters resisted German forces as they entered the ghetto to complete its liquidation. The uprising lasted nearly a month and was defeated with overwhelming force, but it...

German and Italian forces in Tunisia surrendered to the Allies, ending the Axis occupation and the forced-labor camp period there. Jewish communities emerged from months of coercion and deprivation;...

Prisoners seized weapons, set parts of the camp on fire, and broke through the perimeter. Around 300 escaped, though many were later captured or killed. The uprising was planned by prisoners who...

German authorities began the final wave of deportations from the Vilna ghetto. Thousands were sent to killing centers, concentration or forced-labor camps, including Sobibor and camps in Estonia and...

Danish citizens, fishers, officials, and resistance networks helped most of Denmark’s Jewish population escape by sea to neutral Sweden after German plans to arrest them became known. The rescue...

Jewish prisoners killed SS personnel, set the camp on fire, and attempted a mass escape. Roughly 300 broke out; about 58 survived the war. The revolt undermines accounts that portray victims as...

German authorities and police rounded up more than 1,000 Jews in Rome. Two days later, most were deported to Auschwitz. The arrests followed Germany’s occupation of central and northern Italy after...