The Netherlands transferred sovereignty to the Republic of the United States of Indonesia after four years of revolution and international pressure. The agreement excluded West New Guinea from the transfer, leaving a major colonial dispute unresolved. Indonesians had declared independence in 1945; 1949 marked Dutch recognition and a negotiated settlement, not the beginning of Indonesian independence.
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What did Indonesia achieve on 27 December 1949?
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The Netherlands transferred sovereignty in 1949 but left West New Guinea outside the agreement.
The 1949 Dutch transfer of sovereignty included West New Guinea.
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West New Guinea was excluded from the agreement and remained disputed.