French forces began a sustained assault on the fortified position at Crête-à-Pierrot, where Dessalines and revolutionary soldiers resisted for weeks. The defenders eventually broke out on 24 March rather than surrender. The siege showed the capacity of a locally organized army to contest a European expedition, and its memory became central to Haitian accounts of collective resistance.
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Toussaint Louverture arrived at Les Cayes on 1 August 1800, following the defeat and departure of Rigaud. This marked the extension of his authority across the colony’s southern region. The campaign...
On 26 January 1801, Toussaint Louverture’s forces entered Santo Domingo, the Spanish-speaking eastern part of Hispaniola, claiming authority under France’s 1795 cession. The action extended...
A ten-member assembly convened at Port-au-Prince on 22 March 1801 to draft a constitution for Saint-Domingue. The initiative used the French Constitution of Year VIII, which allowed colonies to...
Toussaint Louverture promulgated the Constitution of Saint-Domingue on 8 July 1801. It declared that slavery was forever abolished, barred racial distinctions in principle, and made Toussaint...
In early February, a large French expedition under Charles Leclerc arrived to reassert French authority. Henri Christophe refused to surrender Cap-Français; revolutionary forces set much of the city...
👉 Revolutionary defenders hold Crête-à-Pierrot under siege
Huidig
4 Maart 1802
French forces began a sustained assault on the fortified position at Crête-à-Pierrot, where Dessalines and revolutionary soldiers resisted for weeks. The defenders eventually broke out on 24 March...
After months of fighting and defections, Toussaint Louverture entered Cap-Français and accepted Leclerc’s authority in exchange for amnesty and guarantees, then retired to his estate. This was a...
Leclerc had Toussaint Louverture arrested after inviting him to a meeting, despite the recent settlement and assurances of safety. Toussaint and members of his family were sent to France and...
As French repression intensified and fears of restored slavery spread, General Charles Bélair raised the standard of revolt. This renewed uprising drew on rural networks and the laboring population...
After crossing the Atlantic in French custody, Toussaint Louverture arrived at Fort de Joux in the Jura. He was isolated from his family and political community and held without trial. His...
French authorities tried Charles and Sanité Bélair by military commission and executed them at Cap-Français. Sanité, a Black woman revolutionary and officer, demanded to be shot as a soldier rather...
