The dispute over mass action strains Luxemburg’s alliance with Kautsky

At the Stuttgart Socialist Congress she works with Lenin, Martov and others on a resolution calling workers to oppose war and use crisis to advance socialist change. The resolution later becomes a...

In a series of articles she argues against treating national self-determination as a universal socialist slogan and favors democratic autonomy within wider political structures. Her critique...

Her lecture course examines commodity production, industrialization and the effects of capitalism on non-capitalist social groups. Much of the manuscript remained unpublished in her lifetime, so later...

The series argues that national self-determination is not a universal formula capable of resolving workers’ political problems. It is a major intervention in socialist debates, but also a point of...

She advocates mass demonstrations and strikes against Prussia’s unequal three-class voting system. Her conflict with Karl Kautsky deepens as party leadership seeks to contain street mobilization and...

In the context of German colonial and imperial rivalry, including the Morocco crises, she warns that leaders’ reluctance to confront imperialism encourages nationalist politics. Her criticism links...

In Women’s Suffrage and Class Struggle she presents voting rights as a democratic demand with particular importance for working women. Her approach situates women’s political exclusion within class...

At Stuttgart’s Second Social Democratic Women’s Rally, she argues that women’s suffrage is a working-class democratic demand. She criticizes social definitions of productive labor that render...

Luxemburg analyzes how capitalist expansion relies on access to non-capitalist social formations and territories, including through coercion, dispossession and militarism. The book offers a major...

Bauer challenges Luxemburg’s account of how expanded reproduction works in capitalism. The disagreement concerns economic models and political implications; both contemporary and later Marxists have...