Luxemburg helps develop an international anti-war position

Luxemburg draws on the Russian Revolution to show how economic strikes, political protest and organization can interact. She challenges a neat separation between “spontaneous” workers and party...

The mass-strike debate sets party and union leaders against workers’ initiative. Luxemburg warns that a leadership focused only on protecting existing organizations can leave workers unprepared for...

She teaches political economy and Marx’s Capital to party members, including working-class activists. This work treats socialist education as a tool for building political understanding beyond...

Her teaching at the SPD school develops material later used in her economic writings. The courses bring complex political economy to rank-and-file activists and treat education as a means to build...

Research and lecture notes from her years at the party school examine social forms before and outside capitalism. These studies widened her historical scope beyond a Europe-only account of economic...

In a series of articles she argues against treating national self-determination as a universal socialist slogan and favors democratic autonomy within wider political structures. Her critique...

Her lecture course examines commodity production, industrialization and the effects of capitalism on non-capitalist social groups. Much of the manuscript remained unpublished in her lifetime, so later...

The series argues that national self-determination is not a universal formula capable of resolving workers’ political problems. It is a major intervention in socialist debates, but also a point of...

She advocates mass demonstrations and strikes against Prussia’s unequal three-class voting system. Her conflict with Karl Kautsky deepens as party leadership seeks to contain street mobilization and...

Luxemburg calls for mass action against Prussia’s unequal voting system, while Karl Kautsky and the SPD leadership favor a more cautious course. The conflict concerns strategy and political agency:...