Geneva Middle East peace conference opens

The agreement committed both governments to reduce the risk of nuclear conflict and consult in crisis. It expressed détente’s security logic but left intact nuclear arsenals and the unequal power of...

The Chilean armed forces overthrew Allende, whose elected government had pursued socialist reforms. Moscow had provided limited economic support and maintained diplomatic relations; Chileans faced...

The USSR severed relations with the new military government after the coup. The action condemned the regime diplomatically, but did not halt repression; the limits of Soviet support for Chile’s...

Egypt and Syria launched a war to recover territory occupied by Israel in 1967. The USSR resupplied Arab states while the United States supported Israel; regional peoples’ claims and security needs...

The resolution called for a ceasefire and implementation of Resolution 242, leading toward negotiations. The USSR and United States supported it, but Palestinians were not represented as an equal...

India carried out an underground nuclear explosion, calling it a peaceful nuclear test. The event challenged the nuclear hierarchy and exposed the limits of the NPT regime; Soviet officials emphasized...

Military officers deposed Emperor Haile Selassie amid popular unrest, peasant demands, labor organizing, and student protest. The USSR was not the author of the revolution; later Soviet alignment with...

The leaders agreed on broad limits for strategic offensive weapons as a basis for further negotiations. The framework advanced détente but remained a bargain between nuclear powers whose decisions...

Portugal and the MPLA, FNLA, and UNITA agreed on a transition to independence. The movements had distinct social bases and competing political visions; the accord soon collapsed as foreign...

The Khmer Rouge captured the capital after years of civil war and U.S. bombing. Cambodian people faced forced evacuation and a radical regime; Soviet policy and support for other Cambodian factions...