Israeli ground forces withdraw from Gaza

OCHA publishes an emergency report documenting the initial airstrikes, preliminary casualty reports, and rocket fire into Israel. Figures are explicitly provisional and should not be treated as...

Israeli ground forces enter Gaza following days of bombardment. The operation further restricts movement and access for civilians and humanitarian agencies.

A three-hour humanitarian ceasefire is implemented to permit civilian access to essential supplies and medical assistance, but combat resumes afterward.

UNRWA suspends operations until security can be guaranteed, underscoring threats to humanitarian workers and access during the offensive.

Israel announces a unilateral ceasefire, followed later by Hamas and other Palestinian factions. Both announcements occur amid continuing disputes over troop withdrawal, rockets and crossing...

The president of the UN Human Rights Council establishes a fact-finding mission to investigate possible violations of international human rights and humanitarian law related to the Gaza military...

The UN mission reports evidence of serious violations by Israeli forces and also finds that Palestinian armed groups committed war crimes through indiscriminate rocket and mortar attacks on southern...

UN General Assembly decision 64/507 provides for direct plenary consideration of the Human Rights Council report containing the fact-finding mission findings.

Israeli forces board a humanitarian aid flotilla bound for Gaza in international waters; nine passengers are killed and many are injured. UN investigations later reach differing legal conclusions on...

UN Human Rights Council resolution 14/1 creates an international fact-finding mission to investigate possible violations of international law resulting from the 31 May interception.