Police kill Black Panther organizers Fred Hampton and Mark Clark

Students began occupying university facilities in Montreal after complaints by Black Caribbean students about discriminatory treatment were mishandled. Their action challenged both classroom practices...

Police entered Sir George Williams University as the student occupation ended amid a fire and property damage. Arrests and subsequent prosecutions became a major issue for Black activists. The...

A wage dispute involving workers at a Shell subcontractor developed into a mass march and uprising in Willemstad. Black workers challenged an unequal economic and political order. Police violence...

The South African Students' Organisation was officially inaugurated at the University of the North, with Steve Biko as president and Barney Pityana as secretary. Black students developed an...

Indigenous activists landed on Alcatraz and began an occupation that continued into 1971. They demanded land and a centre for Indigenous education and culture. By occupying a former federal prison,...

The National Joint Action Committee led a demonstration in solidarity with Caribbean students prosecuted after the Montreal university protest. It developed into weeks of mass mobilization over racial...

The government declared a state of emergency and detained leaders after weeks of demonstrations. The movement had sought Black empowerment, economic change and solidarity between African and Indian...

Residents and activists halted construction of a highway patrol facility on land promised for a community park in San Diego. They occupied and began transforming the site. Their campaign asserted...

Delano-area table-grape growers signed union contracts following years of strikes and consumer boycotts. Mexican and Filipino farmworkers and their supporters had challenged low pay and degrading...

Black activists and supporters marched against repeated police raids on the Mangrove restaurant, an important Caribbean community meeting place. The protest defended the right to gather and organize...