The Tricontinental Conference opens in Havana

NFWA members voted to join the strike begun by Filipino workers. Cooperation across communities strengthened pressure on growers who benefited from a divided workforce. The action connected wages,...

Johnson signed the Immigration and Nationality Act, replacing the national-origins quota system that privileged some national populations over others. The reform challenged a major institutional...

The Race Relations Act prohibited racial discrimination in specified public places and established a framework for handling complaints. Campaigning had pressed racial exclusion onto the political...

Ian Smith’s government declared independence from Britain while maintaining white-minority rule in Rhodesia. African liberation movements opposed this attempt to preserve racial political authority....

The General Assembly adopted the International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination. It defined discrimination and set obligations for states becoming parties, including...

Striking farmworkers and supporters began a march to California’s capital. The pilgrimage carried the grape strike beyond the fields, drawing communities into demands for recognition and improved...

Artists, writers and performers gathered for a festival celebrating contributions of Black peoples to world culture. Hosted under Léopold Sédar Senghor, it created an international stage for...

Guyana gained independence, ending British colonial government. Nationalist and labour organizing had made self-government a central demand. The transfer changed formal political authority, while...

Meredith was wounded while walking through Mississippi to challenge intimidation and encourage Black political participation. Civil rights organizations continued the march after the attack. Their...

During the March Against Fear, Stokely Carmichael and fellow organizers popularized the call for Black Power. It expressed demands for collective political and economic control as well as dignity. The...