Northern Māori rangatira signed He Whakaputanga, asserting independent authority and collective government. It provides a record of Indigenous political agency before the Treaty of Waitangi. The declaration challenges narratives that present these communities as lacking sovereignty before European administration.
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Māori leaders asserted independence before the signing at Waitangi.
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Explanation
The declaration preceded the treaty. Māori political authority was not created by British recognition alone.