Founding Principles of Ottoman Reform: The Tanzimat I

The Ottoman-French capitulation expanded French legal and commercial privileges within the Ottoman Empire. It illustrates European influence before direct colonial rule in Palestine.

A riot (presumably by Christian Orthodox Ottoman subjects) expels the Franciscans from the Holy Sepulchre on the eve of Palm Sunday, which this year falls on the same day for both the Greek Orthodox...

The treaty, which ends an Ottoman-Russian war in Eastern Europe and the Caucasus to the advantage of Russia, includes provisions on matters that were previously addressed in a Capitulation document...

Sultan Abd al-Majid I adopts a firman delimiting the possessory rights and the spatial and temporal usage rights concerning the modes of sharing control over the Christian holy places in Jerusalem...

Under pressure from Great Britain, France, and Austria (three countries that supported the Ottoman Empire against Russia in the Crimean War of 1854–1856 ), Sultan Abd al-Majid I adopts an edict,...

The Ottoman Land Code confirms the existing legal doctrine concerning land categories and land acquisition.

As part of the Tanzimat reorganization throughout Greater Syria, the Sublime Porte decide to join the Province of Damascus to that of Saida to form the Province of Syria (Suriye Vilayeti), with...

The right to own real property in the Ottoman Empire, hitherto restricted to Muslims and Ottoman subjects, is extended to foreigners, following pressure from European powers.