15 Khordad becomes a revolutionary reference point

Merchants, workers and religious networks closed shops and joined demonstrations, showing the political power of bazaar-mosque organization.

The army and police used lethal force. Casualty estimates remain disputed, but the repression became a foundational memory for supporters of the revolution.

Villagers and religious supporters from Varamin moved toward the capital and were confronted by security forces.

Women carried news, joined street demonstrations and sustained family and neighbourhood networks during the uprising.

Demonstrations persisted after the initial shootings while the government imposed tighter military control.

After months of imprisonment and house arrest, Khomeini returned to Qom and resumed public opposition.

His return demonstrated that detention had increased rather than eliminated his authority among religious and bazaar networks.

Legislation extended legal immunities to American military personnel and advisers. Opponents called it capitulation because Iranian courts lost jurisdiction.

Revolutionary supporters treated the immunity law as proof that the monarchy placed foreign personnel above Iranian law.

In a major speech, he declared the measure a humiliation of Iran and accused the Shah’s government of subordinating the country to the United States.