Bheki Mlangeni is killed by a parcel bomb

The ANC president came home after leading the external mission through decades of banning, armed struggle and international mobilization.

Delegates demanded removal of obstacles to negotiation, retained sanctions pressure and called 1991 a year of mass action.

The movement gave De Klerk a list of officers it believed had participated in township attacks, making state accountability central to negotiations.

The Durban summit called for political tolerance and effective peacekeeping after severe conflict between supporters of the two movements.

The accord affirmed peaceful protest and specified steps for suspending armed action while negotiations advanced.

The two liberation movements discussed cooperation under mediation by Zimbabwean President Robert Mugabe.

Facing an ANC ultimatum, the president proposed including Black opposition figures in government and amending repressive laws.

A central pillar of apartheid racial classification was removed, though the structures and inequalities built upon it remained.

Delegates rebuilt the legal mass organization and prepared it for negotiations and electoral politics.

Mandela succeeded Oliver Tambo, while Walter Sisulu became deputy president and Cyril Ramaphosa secretary-general.