📅 22 January 1532
On 22 January 1532, Martim Afonso de Sousa established São Vicente, generally identified as the first Portuguese town in Brazil. Colonial settlement tied land occupation to plantation development...
📅 21 August 1587
On 21 August 1587, a royal order addressed the location of Indigenous communities near mills and estates. Mission settlements and proximity to colonial enterprises could make Indigenous labor,...
📅 18 September 1850
Law no. 601 of 18 September 1850 defined rules for public lands and regularizing existing occupation. It restricted new land claims through occupation alone and made purchase central to access to...
📅 30 January 1854
Decree no. 1,318 of 30 January 1854 regulated implementation of the 1850 Land Law, including procedures for identifying and registering land. The system relied heavily on declarations by occupants and...
📅 22 September 1679
Colonial documents report that hundreds of Indigenous people are on the occupier’s side or are being recruited. Hira describes cooperation, rivalry and constrained choices as part of a complex war....
📅 18 February 1685
Van Sommelsdijck writes that earlier expeditions had mixed results and that he wants to make Indigenous groups friends and conclude a lasting peace. The turn toward negotiation follows years in...
📅 1686
The attached PDF describes 1686 as a turning point and reports that a peace treaty was concluded. The treaty itself was not found among the archival documents discussed; its exact date, terms and...
