📅 22 March 1933
The SS opened Dachau near Munich, initially imprisoning political opponents and other people defined by the regime as enemies. The camp became a model for the concentration-camp system; the legal...
📅 5 October 1938
A German decree required passports issued to Jews to be marked with a red letter J, following pressure from other states seeking to identify Jewish refugees. The measure shows how Nazi persecution...
📅 22 June 1941
Operation Barbarossa began a war of conquest framed by Nazi leaders as a racial and anti-Bolshevik campaign. Einsatzgruppen, police units, military formations, Romanian forces, and local collaborators...
📅 17 June 1936
Hitler appointed SS leader Heinrich Himmler Chief of German Police, consolidating authority over police forces within the Interior Ministry. This centralization connected policing to SS racial...
📅 8 December 1938
Himmler’s decree instructed police to treat Roma and Sinti as a racial population and to intensify registration and segregation. It marked a major escalation from locally varying discrimination toward...
📅 16 December 1942
Himmler authorized the deportation of Roma and Sinti from the Greater German Reich to Auschwitz. Police began sending people in February 1943 to the camp section known in German records by a racist...
