đź“… 4 Mei 1807
Iran and France signed the Finkenstein treaty. France recognized Iranian claims to Georgia and promised arms and military instructors. Iran sought support against Russian expansion, while Napoleon...
đź“… 7 Juli 1807
Napoleon and Alexander I concluded their treaty at Tilsit. Their rapprochement weakened French support for Iran against Russia, showing how European settlements could undercut Iranian diplomacy even...
đź“… 4 Mei 1807
Napoleonic France and Qajar Iran signed the Treaty of Finkenstein. France recognized Persian claims to Georgia and promised military assistance against Russia. The agreement shows how Qajar...
đź“… 20 Mei 1802
Napoleon’s law maintained slavery in colonies returned to France under the Treaty of Amiens and reinstated the slave trade where it had been abolished. It sought to restore plantation wealth and...
đź“… 2 Juli 1802
A decree required Black, mixed-race, and other people of color to obtain authorization before entering continental France. The measure hardened racial exclusion in the metropole during the same period...
đź“… 20 Mei 1802
Napoleon’s law maintained slavery in colonies returned to France where the 1794 abolition had not been implemented. Its wording did not itself reinstate slavery in Saint-Domingue, where abolition...
đź“… 7 December 1802
On 7 December 1802, the consuls issued an order that reimposed slavery in French Guiana through a system euphemistically called “quarter conscription.” It treated Black people on plantations or in...
