| 29 January 2018 |
United Kingdom
|
Astronomy
|
Islamic scholars transform an ancient device
|
| 29 January 2018 |
United Kingdom
|
Astronomy
|
Instrument makers combine craft and astronomy
|
| 29 January 2018 |
United Kingdom
|
Astronomy
|
Astrolabes calculate time and celestial altitude
|
| 29 January 2018 |
United Kingdom
|
Astronomy
|
British Museum publishes a guide to Islamic astrolabes
|
| 25 July 1978 |
United Kingdom
|
Medicine
|
Patients belong in the history of IVF
|
| 25 July 1978 |
United Kingdom
|
Medicine
|
Louise Brown is born after IVF
|
| 25 July 1978 |
United Kingdom
|
Medicine
|
Oldham hospital marks a fertility milestone
|
| 25 July 1978 |
United Kingdom
|
Medicine
|
A reproductive-medicine technique reaches a family
|
| 2 May 1918 |
United Kingdom
|
Mathematics
|
The archive preserves both achievement and inequality
|
| 2 May 1918 |
United Kingdom
|
Mathematics
|
Hardy and collaborators mediate Ramanujan's reception
|
| 2 May 1918 |
United Kingdom
|
Mathematics
|
An Indian mathematician enters an imperial institution
|
| 2 May 1918 |
United Kingdom
|
Mathematics
|
Ramanujan is elected Fellow of the Royal Society
|
| 23 June 1912 |
United Kingdom
|
Mathematics
|
Britain persecutes Turing for homosexuality
|
| 23 June 1912 |
United Kingdom
|
Mathematics
|
Wartime codebreaking joins mathematics and state power
|
| 23 June 1912 |
United Kingdom
|
Mathematics
|
The Turing machine defines a general model of computation
|
| 23 June 1912 |
United Kingdom
|
Mathematics
|
Alan Turing is born
|
| 12 August 1865 |
United Kingdom
|
Medicine
|
A Glasgow case tests antiseptic surgery
|
| 12 August 1865 |
United Kingdom
|
Medicine
|
Lister applies an antiseptic wound dressing
|
| 12 August 1865 |
United Kingdom
|
Medicine
|
A child receives a new fracture treatment
|
| 12 August 1865 |
United Kingdom
|
Medicine
|
Carbolic acid is used against wound infection
|
| 1 September 1859 |
United Kingdom
|
Astronomy
|
Carrington witnesses a solar flare
|
| 1 September 1859 |
United Kingdom
|
Astronomy
|
Hodgson also reports the solar brightening
|
| 1 September 1859 |
United Kingdom
|
Astronomy
|
A flare enters the solar record
|
| 1 September 1859 |
United Kingdom
|
Astronomy
|
A solar outburst precedes a magnetic storm
|
| 8 September 1854 |
United Kingdom
|
Medicine
|
Cholera’s decline requires careful interpretation
|
| 8 September 1854 |
United Kingdom
|
Medicine
|
Snow links cases to a shared water source
|
| 8 September 1854 |
United Kingdom
|
Medicine
|
A cholera investigation changes water access
|
| 8 September 1854 |
United Kingdom
|
Medicine
|
Authorities remove the Broad Street pump handle
|
| 4 November 1847 |
United Kingdom
|
Medicine
|
Simpson and colleagues test chloroform
|
| 4 November 1847 |
United Kingdom
|
Medicine
|
A new anesthetic substance is assessed
|
| 4 November 1847 |
United Kingdom
|
Medicine
|
Edinburgh physicians investigate pain relief
|
| 4 November 1847 |
United Kingdom
|
Medicine
|
Chloroform joins the anesthesia debate
|
| 10 October 1846 |
United Kingdom
|
Astronomy
|
A distant moon broadens planetary astronomy
|
| 10 October 1846 |
United Kingdom
|
Astronomy
|
Triton appears in an early Neptune search
|
| 10 October 1846 |
United Kingdom
|
Astronomy
|
Neptune gains its first known satellite
|
| 10 October 1846 |
United Kingdom
|
Astronomy
|
Lassell discovers Triton
|
| 13 August 1843 |
United Kingdom
|
Mathematics
|
The notes envision programmable media
|
| 13 August 1843 |
United Kingdom
|
Mathematics
|
Lovelace distinguishes calculation from intelligence
|
| 13 August 1843 |
United Kingdom
|
Mathematics
|
Note G gives a machine procedure for Bernoulli numbers
|
| 13 August 1843 |
United Kingdom
|
Mathematics
|
Lovelace's Analytical Engine notes are published
|
| 14 June 1822 |
United Kingdom
|
Mathematics
|
State funding connects calculation with empire
|
| 14 June 1822 |
United Kingdom
|
Mathematics
|
Automation reorganizes mathematical labour
|
| 14 June 1822 |
United Kingdom
|
Mathematics
|
Finite differences make mechanical tabulation possible
|
| 14 June 1822 |
United Kingdom
|
Mathematics
|
Babbage presents his Difference Engine proposal
|
| 10 December 1815 |
United Kingdom
|
Mathematics
|
Ada Lovelace is born
|
| 10 December 1815 |
United Kingdom
|
Mathematics
|
Gender shaped Lovelace's access to mathematics
|
| 10 December 1815 |
United Kingdom
|
Mathematics
|
A Bernoulli-number procedure becomes an early algorithm
|
| 10 December 1815 |
United Kingdom
|
Mathematics
|
Lovelace imagines computation beyond arithmetic
|
| 14 May 1796 |
United Kingdom
|
Medicine
|
Vaccination builds on older inoculation traditions
|
| 14 May 1796 |
United Kingdom
|
Medicine
|
Jenner inoculates James Phipps with cowpox
|
| 14 May 1796 |
United Kingdom
|
Medicine
|
A milkmaid’s infection informs vaccination
|
| 14 May 1796 |
United Kingdom
|
Medicine
|
Cowpox is tested as smallpox protection
|
| 11 January 1787 |
United Kingdom
|
Astronomy
|
The outer Uranian moon becomes known
|
| 11 January 1787 |
United Kingdom
|
Astronomy
|
Two moons emerge on one observing night
|
| 11 January 1787 |
United Kingdom
|
Astronomy
|
A second Uranian satellite is recorded
|
| 11 January 1787 |
United Kingdom
|
Astronomy
|
Herschel discovers Titania
|
| 11 January 1787 |
United Kingdom
|
Astronomy
|
A distant moon appears near Uranus
|
| 11 January 1787 |
United Kingdom
|
Astronomy
|
Uranus proves to have companions
|
| 11 January 1787 |
United Kingdom
|
Astronomy
|
A powerful telescope extends moon searches
|
| 11 January 1787 |
United Kingdom
|
Astronomy
|
Herschel discovers Oberon
|
| 13 March 1781 |
United Kingdom
|
Astronomy
|
Herschel spots the object later named Uranus
|
| 13 March 1781 |
United Kingdom
|
Astronomy
|
Telescopes enlarge the known solar system
|
| 13 March 1781 |
United Kingdom
|
Astronomy
|
A faint object changes the planetary census
|
| 13 March 1781 |
United Kingdom
|
Astronomy
|
Uranus enters Herschel's observing log
|
| 23 December 1763 |
United Kingdom
|
Mathematics
|
Bayesian methods later gain wide influence
|
| 23 December 1763 |
United Kingdom
|
Mathematics
|
Price edits and communicates Bayes' unpublished work
|
| 23 December 1763 |
United Kingdom
|
Mathematics
|
Inverse probability links evidence and uncertainty
|
| 23 December 1763 |
United Kingdom
|
Mathematics
|
Bayes' essay is read to the Royal Society
|
| 5 July 1687 |
United Kingdom
|
Astronomy
|
Astronomy gains a mathematical framework
|
| 5 July 1687 |
United Kingdom
|
Astronomy
|
The Principia sets out planetary mechanics
|
| 5 July 1687 |
United Kingdom
|
Astronomy
|
One theory links falling objects and planets
|
| 5 July 1687 |
United Kingdom
|
Astronomy
|
Newton's Principia is published
|
| 5 July 1687 |
United Kingdom
|
Mathematics
|
The Principia drew on global observations
|
| 5 July 1687 |
United Kingdom
|
Mathematics
|
Mathematics unifies terrestrial and celestial motion
|
| 5 July 1687 |
United Kingdom
|
Mathematics
|
Halley supports publication of the Principia
|
| 5 July 1687 |
United Kingdom
|
Mathematics
|
Newton's Principia is published
|
| 1 February 1673 |
United Kingdom
|
Mathematics
|
The calculator depended on craft knowledge
|
| 1 February 1673 |
United Kingdom
|
Mathematics
|
Mechanical arithmetic changes the meaning of skilled work
|
| 1 February 1673 |
United Kingdom
|
Mathematics
|
The stepped drum extends mechanical calculation
|
| 1 February 1673 |
United Kingdom
|
Mathematics
|
Leibniz demonstrates a calculating machine
|
| 6 March 1665 |
United Kingdom
|
Mathematics
|
Scientific communication gains a dated public record
|
| 6 March 1665 |
United Kingdom
|
Mathematics
|
First issue of Philosophical Transactions appears
|
| 6 March 1665 |
United Kingdom
|
Mathematics
|
Mathematical knowledge becomes periodical news
|
| 6 March 1665 |
United Kingdom
|
Mathematics
|
The journal's network reflected empire and exclusion
|
| 4 December 1639 |
United Kingdom
|
Astronomy
|
A predicted transit becomes visible
|
| 4 December 1639 |
United Kingdom
|
Astronomy
|
Venus appears as a small black disk
|
| 4 December 1639 |
United Kingdom
|
Mathematics
|
Horrocks observes a transit of Venus
|
| 4 December 1639 |
United Kingdom
|
Astronomy
|
Crabtree independently sees Venus on the Sun
|
| 4 December 1639 |
United Kingdom
|
Astronomy
|
Horrocks observes Venus in transit
|
| 4 December 1639 |
United Kingdom
|
Mathematics
|
Small networks contribute to mathematical astronomy
|
| 4 December 1639 |
United Kingdom
|
Mathematics
|
The transit supports measurement of the solar system
|
| 4 December 1639 |
United Kingdom
|
Mathematics
|
A corrected planetary model produces a successful prediction
|
