A child receives a new fracture treatment

After Snow presented evidence about cholera cases, the local authorities disabled the water pump.

The removal was a public-health response to a concentrated Soho outbreak.

His household interviews and mapping supplied evidence for the decision to stop using the pump.

The outbreak had already begun to subside when the handle was removed; the episode supported later work on waterborne disease.

He used carbolic-acid-soaked lint on eleven-year-old James Greenlees’s open leg fracture.

The dressing was designed to keep damaging microorganisms from multiplying in an open wound.

Greenlees’s recovery strengthened Lister’s later published argument, although a single case could not establish the method alone.

He told a Berlin scientific society that he had identified the bacterium responsible for TB.

The announcement connected tuberculosis to a specific bacterial agent.

Koch’s findings opened pathways to laboratory detection, although effective treatment took much longer.