Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters is founded

Founders organize a national civil-rights organization that challenges racial discrimination, including barriers in employment.

The organization works to expand economic opportunity for Black Americans; it later develops employer-facing workforce programs.

The Act establishes workers’ rights to organize and bargain collectively, creating a channel for workplace voice and negotiated standards.

A. Philip Randolph’s threatened march helps secure a federal order prohibiting discrimination in defense employment and creating a Fair Employment Practices Committee.

Although focused on the military, the order helps establish federal equal-treatment expectations that influence public and private employment debates.

A Trades Union Congress resolution opposes racial discrimination and urges attention to racial friction, an early step before unions built stronger structures. Source specifies the year or period...

Article 119 (now Article 157 TFEU) commits member states to equal pay for women and men for equal work or work of equal value.