Evian Accords establish a ceasefire in the Algerian War

Nigeria became independent within the Commonwealth after a long constitutional transition and anticolonial organizing across a large, diverse federation. Nigerian political leaders inherited a state...

General Assembly Resolution 1514 (XV) declared that all peoples have the right to self-determination and called for colonialism to end. Many newly independent Asian and African states helped shape and...

Patrice Lumumba, Maurice Mpolo, and Joseph Okito were killed in Katanga after being transferred there by Congolese authorities. A UN investigation and later Belgian parliamentary inquiry documented...

Leaders and representatives from 25 countries met in Belgrade to coordinate a foreign policy outside the Cold War blocs. The conference built on Asian-African solidarity and Bandung, while...

Tanganyika became independent, with Julius Nyerere as prime minister. The transition followed mass mobilization through the Tanganyika African National Union and a comparatively negotiated end to...

Belgium’s UN trust territories of Rwanda and Burundi became independent as separate states. Their political transitions inherited colonial administrations that had hardened social categories and...

After voters endorsed independence on 1 July, France formally recognized Algerian independence on 3 July; celebrations were held on 5 July. The date marked the end of 132 years of French rule, but the...

Uganda became an independent state after negotiations among British authorities, the Buganda kingdom, and national political parties. The new state combined a central government with kingdoms and...

Thirty-two independent African states signed the OAU Charter in Addis Ababa. The organization committed to African unity, sovereignty, and the eradication of colonialism, including support for...

The Federation of Malaysia joined Malaya, Singapore, Sabah, and Sarawak. Brunei did not join, and Indonesia opposed the federation through Konfrontasi; some communities in Sabah and Sarawak...