Tehran Conference sets Allied strategy while excluding colonized peoples

The last German troops in Stalingrad surrendered after months of siege, street fighting, hunger, and extreme cold. Soviet victory turned the eastern front but came at enormous cost to soldiers and...

Jewish resistance organizations began an armed uprising when German forces entered the Warsaw Ghetto to deport its remaining residents. They resisted for nearly a month despite overwhelming German...

Axis forces in Tunisia surrendered to Allied armies, ending the North African campaign. More than 230,000 Axis troops were captured. The campaign had been fought across colonized North Africa, where...

British, American, and Canadian forces began Operation Husky, invading Sicily. The campaign weakened Mussolini’s government and opened the route to mainland Italy. Sicilians experienced bombing,...

New Viceroy Archibald Wavell visited Calcutta as famine devastated Bengal. War priorities, colonial procurement and shipping policies, inflation, crop disruption, and unequal access to food...

The Normandy landings opened a major western front against Nazi Germany. Allied forces included soldiers from occupied and colonized societies, while French resistance networks supported the campaign....

Delegates from 44 Allied nations agreed to establish the International Monetary Fund and World Bank at Bretton Woods. The institutions aimed to shape postwar exchange and reconstruction, but voting...

The French 2nd Armored Division entered Paris as German forces withdrew. The liberation narrative often centers metropolitan French resistance and overlooks African soldiers and other colonial...

U.S. and Filipino forces landed at Leyte, beginning a campaign to retake the Philippines from Japan. Filipino guerrillas had gathered intelligence, rescued Allied personnel, and resisted occupation...

Soviet forces entered Auschwitz-Birkenau and Monowitz, finding thousands of prisoners left behind after the SS forced many others on death marches. Survivors faced illness, grief, and uncertain...