The governor rejects Coffy’s proposal for a negotiated settlement

A diplomatic mission succeeded in opening negotiations with Saamaka communities. The colonial government sought peace after repeated military failures; Saamaka leaders used the opportunity to...

The agreement formalized peace between the Saamaka and the colonial state. As with the Ndyuka agreement, the treaty followed Maroon resistance and was negotiated by political actors who had secured...

Enslaved people in Berbice began a major uprising for freedom. Within a day, the rebellion had spread across plantations. Led by Coffy and other organizers, the insurgents challenged a colonial system...

Coffy and Accara sent a letter explaining that the uprising responded to the abuse and withholding of what was owed to enslaved people. Their demands were political: freedom, fair treatment, and...

The governor reported that the revolt had spread across plantations and forced colonists to flee. His dispatch records the scale of insurgent action from an administrative viewpoint. The rebellion’s...

Governor Van Hoogenheim chaired a council that decided to keep negotiations open only to delay while reinforcements were expected. This record exposes the colonial government’s bad faith in talks with...

In a letter to the governor, Coffy stated that planters and directors caused the war by beating and mistreating enslaved people. His account makes the rebellion’s cause explicit: the violence of...

A colonial report recorded Coffy’s death amid internal tensions among insurgent leaders and the government’s military campaign. His death weakened the uprising, but the struggle continued into 1764....

Dutch governor Wilhelm Falk and representatives of the Kingdom of Kandy concluded a treaty after war. The treaty recognized Dutch coastal claims and expanded company control over cinnamon...

A colonial officer reported that the Aluku stronghold at Buku was protected by marshland and a concealed path. The fort’s location and defenses helped Maroon communities withstand VOC-style colonial...