Franco-British convention regulates Indian recruitment

The Joseph sailed from the West African coast carrying 340 African immigrants toward Cayenne. Later Guyanese accounts identify D’Chimbo among this group. The migration took place within a French...

The Joseph reached Cayenne after a 47-day crossing from the West African coast. A contemporary account later identified D’Chimbo as one of the African immigrants who arrived in 1858. He was assigned...

The Cayenne court sentenced D’Chimbo to imprisonment and police surveillance for assault, theft, and vagrancy. The judgment reflects how colonial authorities interpreted his actions through criminal...

After a four-year gap, the Réaumur arrives with 550 Indian workers embarked and 534 recorded as arriving. The four-year interruption reflected the fragile finances and administration of colonial...

After completing her six-year contract, Yacine Biram boarded the Lawrence for return across the Atlantic. She was among a very small share of African contract workers in Guiana who were able to...

The Parmentier arrives with 533 workers embarked from Pondicherry and Karikal and 514 recorded as arriving. The voyage shows that the 1861 convention’s protections existed alongside continuing...

The Nicolas-Poussin arrives from Pondicherry and Karikal with 277 workers embarked and 275 recorded as arriving. This later convoy shows that the indenture system persisted beyond its first arrivals...

The Duguay-Trouin arrives from Pondicherry and Karikal with 412 workers embarked and 400 recorded as arriving. The archive-based chronology notes that officials refused immediate landing and moved the...

The Berryer arrives in French Guiana with 306 workers, the final ship in the twenty-convoy migration recorded between 1856 and 1877. More than 8,000 people crossed from India and the Caribbean to work...

A French law established annual commemorations of the abolition of slavery in specified overseas territories and a national memorial framework. The law made public remembrance a matter of state...