On 4 March 1853, the ship Australia landed 432 Chinese immigrants in Trinidad. Colonial records say they were distributed among estates across several counties. The records also document workers refusing work and asserting the pay and rations promised in their contracts. Read against the employer-centered language of the report, this is evidence of collective bargaining and agency. Chinese indenture was a contract labor system, not chattel slavery, but it served the post-emancipation plantation economy and exposed workers to colonial control and dangerous conditions.
On 1 August 1834, the British Slavery Abolition Act took effect in Trinidad. Children under six were freed, while most adults were placed in an apprenticeship system that compelled them to continue...
On 25 July 1838, Governor George Fitzgerald Hill recommended ending predial (field) apprenticeship, and Trinidad’s Council of Government passed an ordinance making it end on 1 August. The 1833...
On 1 August 1838, apprenticeship ended and full legal emancipation took effect in Trinidad, two years before the originally scheduled end of the longest apprenticeship terms in much of the British...
On 2 August 1838, a crowd of about 200 people, mostly women, protested in Trinidad and demanded full freedom. The colonial militia suppressed the demonstration. Their action came one day after...
On 30 May 1845, the Futtle Rozack, commonly known as the Fatel Razack, arrived in Port of Spain carrying 225 adults from India. They were contracted to work on sugar plantations after emancipation....
👉 The Australia arrives with the first organized Chinese indentured group
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4 Mart 1853
On 4 March 1853, the ship Australia landed 432 Chinese immigrants in Trinidad. Colonial records say they were distributed among estates across several counties. The records also document workers...
On 30 October 1884, police and military forces fired on participants in the Hosay procession near San Fernando after colonial authorities restricted its route and movement into town. The procession...
On 12 March 1917, recruitment of Indian laborers for overseas indenture was suspended. Trinidad had received many thousands of Indian workers for plantation labor after emancipation. The suspension...
On 22 April 1917, the S.S. Ganges arrived at Nelson Island carrying the last group of Indian indentured immigrants to Trinidad. The National Archives’ register lists 421 arrivals, including men,...
On 1 January 1920, remaining Indian indenture contracts in the British colonies were ended, formally closing the system after recruitment had stopped and the last ship reached Trinidad in 1917....
Trinidad held its first Legislative Council election on 7 February 1925. Only a small minority of the population could vote under property, income, and other qualifications. Elected members such as...
