Brazil creates SEPPIR on the International Day against Racism

The World Conference against Racism adopted the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action, a major global framework that names slavery and the transatlantic slave trade among grave human-rights...

Decree 3,912 set federal procedures for recognition and titling and tied eligibility to occupation on 5 October 1988, the date of the Constitution’s promulgation. This restrictive time test narrowed...

Rio de Janeiro State Law 3,708 established a quota of up to 40 percent for Black and Brown applicants at the State University of Rio de Janeiro and the State University of Northern Fluminense. The...

Federal Decree 4,228 created a National Programme of Affirmative Actions within the federal public administration. It directed federal agencies to promote participation by groups facing discrimination...

Sanctioned on 9 January 2003, Law 10,639 amended national education law to require the teaching of African and Afro-Brazilian history and culture in schools. It specifically recognized the history...

Law 10,678 formally created SEPPIR within the Presidency and defined its role in formulating, coordinating, and assessing policies to promote racial equality. This legal step followed the...

Decree 4,887 regulated identification, recognition, delimitation, demarcation and titling of quilombola lands. It adopted self-identification as a starting point and defined territories through...

Decree 4,883 transferred federal responsibility for delimiting quilombola lands from the Ministry of Culture to the Ministry of Agrarian Development. The change placed the process within a land and...

Decree 4,886 instituted the National Policy for the Promotion of Racial Equality, linking federal action across areas such as education, culture and land. Its framework situated quilombola rights...

INCRA Normative Instruction 16 set administrative steps for identifying, recognizing, delimiting, demarcating and titling quilombola lands. It began translating the 2003 decree into an agency process....