Brazil creates a national policy for quilombola territorial and environmental management

Provisional Measure 1,154 reorganized Brazil’s ministries and included the Ministry of Racial Equality in the new federal structure. The ministry’s return represented a policy shift after years in...

Sanctioned on 11 January 2023, Law 14,532 amended Brazil’s racial crime law and Penal Code to classify racial insult as a crime of racism. It also addressed racist conduct in sporting and artistic...

Law 14,532 amended federal criminal law to classify racial insult as racism and establish penalties for religious racism, among other provisions. Its language gave legal force to the understanding...

Decree 11,447 instituted the Aquilomba Brasil Program and its governing committee to coordinate federal measures for quilombola rights. Its intersectoral mandate includes territory, infrastructure,...

Law 14,600 set the organization of Brazil’s ministries and explicitly included the Ministry of Racial Equality. The statute followed the January reorganization and gave legislative form to the...

Law 14,759 of 21 December 2023 declared 20 November a national holiday for the Day of Zumbi and Black Consciousness. The measure followed decades of Black organizing that had established the date as a...

The first nationwide public-holiday observance of Zumbi and Black Consciousness Day took place after the 2023 law made 20 November a federal holiday. The national recognition reflected decades of...

The UN General Assembly adopted a resolution establishing a second International Decade for People of African Descent, continuing the global framework for recognition, justice, and development into...