Romanus Pontifex reaffirmed Portuguese claims to navigation, conquest, and trade along the West African coast, including claims over people whom Portuguese forces captured. The document connected religious mission with imperial monopoly and commercial extraction. Such papal texts were later invoked to legitimize Atlantic expansion, but they did not make African societies passive: African rulers and communities negotiated, resisted, and shaped the trade under unequal conditions.
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Romanus Pontifex was a universal abolition decree.
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It reaffirmed Portuguese imperial claims and commercial privileges; it did not abolish slavery.