German forces shoot 176 Roma at Aleksandrovka

During a German raid in Niš, a Romani man forced to relay police orders warned Roma in Romanes that they were about to be arrested. Some people were able to flee. The episode, recorded in the European...

An order to field and district commands directed that Jews and Roma be taken as hostages for reprisals. The policy made civilians targets for collective punishment and preceded large-scale...

Between 28 October and 3 November, Wehrmacht soldiers and Serbian police units arrested Roma in Belgrade and the surrounding area and imprisoned them at Topovske Šupe as hostages for reprisals. Around...

The first of five transports carrying 5,007 Roma from Austria’s Burgenland region arrived at the segregated Roma camp inside the Łódź ghetto. The transports arrived between 5 and 9 November. German...

The Roma camp in the Łódź ghetto was liquidated during 5–12 January 1942. More than 600 Roma had already died from disease and deprivation in the ghetto; surviving prisoners were taken to Chełmno...

The Ustaša authorities began mass arrests and deportations of Roma across the Independent State of Croatia to Jasenovac and Stara Gradiška. The Croatian state’s camp system confiscated belongings,...

Romanian authorities began deporting Roma categorized by police as “nomadic” to Romanian-administered Transnistria, followed by deportations of Roma categorized as “settled.” More than 25,000 Roma...

Himmler authorized the deportation of Roma and Sinti from the Greater German Reich to Auschwitz. Police began sending people in February 1943 to the camp section known in German records by a racist...

The first transport of Roma and Sinti from Germany arrived at Auschwitz, beginning mass deportations under Himmler’s December 1942 order. The camp incarcerated families in a designated section,...

Roma prisoners from the Lety camp were deported to Auschwitz-Birkenau. The transfer followed a system of registration, forced labor, confinement, and lethal conditions in the Czech Protectorate;...