Transport of Jews from Croatia arrives at Auschwitz

A German ordinance required Jews aged six and older in the occupied zone to wear a yellow star beginning June 7. It marked Jewish people for public humiliation and facilitated exclusion and...

German occupation authorities deported the first group of Dutch Jews from Westerbork to Auschwitz. Dutch police and administrative bodies participated in the machinery of arrest and deportation; the...

French police arrested thousands of Jews in Paris and surrounding areas during the two-day roundup of July 16–17. Many families were detained at the Vélodrome d’Hiver before transfer to Drancy and...

German SS and police units, assisted by auxiliaries, began mass deportations from the Warsaw ghetto to the Treblinka killing center. By September, about 265,000 Jews had been deported and murdered;...

The first transport of Jews from the Mechelen transit camp departed for Auschwitz on August 4 and arrived August 5. German authorities relied on Belgian records and police cooperation, while...

German occupation authorities and Norwegian collaborators began arresting Jewish men. Women and children were arrested in a later operation in November; hundreds of Norwegian Jews were deported, while...

The first transport of Jews from the Theresienstadt ghetto to Auschwitz arrived on this date. Deportations linked a ghetto used for propaganda and transit to the killing-center system.

British and US forces landed in Morocco and Algeria, then under Vichy authority. The invasion altered the North African war and prompted Germany to occupy Vichy France and send Axis forces into...

German forces established a presence in Tunisia after the Allied landings in neighboring Algeria and Morocco. Tunisia was a French protectorate under Vichy authority; the short German-Italian...

German authorities arrested prominent members of Tunis’s Jewish community, including community president Moïse Borgel, and took some as hostages. Jewish communal institutions were placed under...