Nazis win largest share in July Reichstag election but no majority

President Calvin Coolidge signed the Immigration Act, sharply restricting immigration through national-origins quotas. The law was part of a broader nativist system rather than a measure directed only...

The university’s opening marked a major institutional achievement in Jewish education and scholarship. It developed within British-ruled Palestine, where Zionist nation-building and Palestinian Arab...

Hitler’s book circulated racial antisemitism, conspiracy theories, and authoritarian nationalism. It was one part of a wider propaganda environment; it did not by itself determine later policy,...

The collapse of US stock prices helped usher in a severe global downturn that intensified unemployment and political instability. In Germany, the crisis later expanded support for extremist parties,...

The Nazis won about 18 percent of the vote and became the second-largest party in parliament. The result followed a campaign exploiting economic crisis and attacking democracy and Jews. It was a...

The Nazi vote declined to about 33 percent, down from July, though the party remained the largest in the Reichstag. The result shows that Nazi support could fluctuate and that Hitler’s appointment...

President Paul von Hindenburg appointed Adolf Hitler chancellor after conservative elites brokered a political deal. The appointment did not result from a majority vote for the Nazi Party, but gave it...

The SS opened Dachau near Munich, initially imprisoning political opponents and other people defined by the regime as enemies. The camp became a model for the concentration-camp system; the legal...

The Nazi Party and affiliated organizations staged a nationwide boycott of Jewish-owned shops, lawyers, and doctors. The action made exclusion visible in public space and foreshadowed the state-backed...

The Law for the Restoration of the Professional Civil Service enabled the dismissal of Jewish civil servants and people labeled politically unreliable, with limited exceptions that were later...