First volume of Mein Kampf is published

The Times published evidence that passages in the antisemitic Protocols had been plagiarized from earlier works. The text falsely claimed to document a Jewish conspiracy. Its exposure did not stop...

The League Council approved Britain’s Mandate, incorporating the Balfour Declaration and assigning Britain responsibility for facilitating a Jewish national home. The document recognized the rights of...

Hitler and Nazi allies attempted to seize power in Bavaria. The coup failed and Hitler was arrested, but his trial gave him a platform among nationalist audiences. The event illustrates the movement’s...

President Calvin Coolidge signed the Immigration Act, sharply restricting immigration through national-origins quotas. The law was part of a broader nativist system rather than a measure directed only...

The university’s opening marked a major institutional achievement in Jewish education and scholarship. It developed within British-ruled Palestine, where Zionist nation-building and Palestinian Arab...

The collapse of US stock prices helped usher in a severe global downturn that intensified unemployment and political instability. In Germany, the crisis later expanded support for extremist parties,...

The Nazis won about 18 percent of the vote and became the second-largest party in parliament. The result followed a campaign exploiting economic crisis and attacking democracy and Jews. It was a...

The Nazi Party won 37 percent of the vote and became the largest party, but did not win a majority. Hitler demanded the chancellorship and refused coalition participation on other terms....

The Nazi vote declined to about 33 percent, down from July, though the party remained the largest in the Reichstag. The result shows that Nazi support could fluctuate and that Hitler’s appointment...

President Paul von Hindenburg appointed Adolf Hitler chancellor after conservative elites brokered a political deal. The appointment did not result from a majority vote for the Nazi Party, but gave it...