Treaty of Da’an settles the revolt

The Ottoman Empire reoccupied Sana’a and established a second period of direct rule in the highlands. Ottoman authorities expanded taxation, conscription and administrative control, while Zaydi...

Imam Muhammad bin Yahya al-Mansur led a revolt against renewed Ottoman rule. Yemeni resistance briefly captured Sana’a before Ottoman troops suppressed it. The episode demonstrates the recurring gap...

Imam Yahya began a major revolt against Ottoman rule. Rooted in local opposition to taxes, conscription and administrative intrusion, the uprising drew support from Zaydi tribes and exhausted...

Yemeni forces associated with Imam Yahya expanded the revolt in the northern highlands. Ottoman power remained strongest in towns and central districts; control depended on military expeditions and...

Fighting and negotiation continued between Ottoman authorities and Imam Yahya’s movement. Resistance was not a single unified national army: local leaders pursued overlapping religious, political...

The Anglo-Ottoman Convention formalized a boundary line between Yemen and the Aden Protectorate. Its maps and demarcations converted imperial negotiations into a frontier that affected local...

As the Ottoman Empire collapsed at the end of the First World War, Ottoman authority in Yemen disintegrated. Imam Yahya took control in Sana’a and built on the military and administrative structures...

Imam Yahya consolidated control in northern Yemen after Ottoman withdrawal. The emerging Mutawakkilite Kingdom claimed sovereignty but faced internal contests over the relationship between the imam,...

Imam Yahya’s forces defeated Al-Maqatirah tribal forces during efforts to extend the new state’s authority. The fighting showed that independence from Ottoman rule did not end armed conflict:...

Conflict between the imamate and Hashid tribes ended in an imamate victory. The state sought to convert political allies into subjects and limit tribal autonomy, exposing tensions within the...