Azerbaijan People’s Government proclaimed in Tabriz

A foreign ministry circular took effect on Nowruz, asking governments to use “Iran” and “Iranian” in official correspondence instead of the Western exonym “Persia.” Iran was already used domestically;...

British and Soviet troops entered from south and north, citing security concerns and German nationals. The operation also secured an Allied supply corridor to the USSR and protected strategic...

Three weeks after the invasion, Reza Shah abdicated and his son Mohammad Reza Pahlavi succeeded him. Allied pressure and the collapse of Iranian military resistance shaped the succession. Reza Shah...

Iran, Britain, and the Soviet Union signed an alliance treaty during occupation. Britain and the USSR pledged to respect Iran’s independence, sovereignty, and territorial integrity and withdraw forces...

Roosevelt, Churchill, and Stalin declared support for Iran’s independence, sovereignty, and territorial integrity and recognized its wartime contribution. Iran was not represented at their summit,...

The six-month deadline, calculated from Japan’s September 2, 1945 surrender under Article 5, passed while Soviet forces remained in northern Iran. Britain and the United States had withdrawn. Iran...

By May 9, Iran reported Soviet forces had left after diplomatic pressure and negotiations. The April Qavam-Sadchikov understanding linked withdrawal to a proposed joint oil company and talks over...

The Majlis passed legislation rejecting the 1946 joint-oil-company agreement and reaffirming parliamentary control over concessions. The vote defended decision-making over resources after Soviet...

Formal discussions to revise the 1933 concession opened in Tehran between AIOC director Neville Gass and Iranian representative Hosayn Pirnia. Iran sought a larger share of oil income, while the...

A gunman shot and wounded the Shah at Tehran University. Responsibility and political connections were disputed. The attack became a turning point in the monarchy’s effort to strengthen its...