Majlis ends Qajar rule and establishes the Pahlavi dynasty

Forces of Mohammad Ali Shah, including the Persian Cossack Brigade under Russian officer Vladimir Liakhov, shelled parliament in Tehran and suppressed constitutional institutions. The attack began the...

Constitutionalist forces from Tabriz, Gilan, and the Bakhtiari region entered Tehran. Mohammad Ali Shah was deposed and his young son Ahmad Shah succeeded him; constitutional government was...

The agreement proposed British advisers for Iran’s military and finances and a British-arranged loan. Opponents feared it would turn British influence into control over state policy. It faced public...

Cossack forces led by Reza Khan entered Tehran and helped install journalist Seyyed Zia al-Din Tabataba’i as prime minister. British officials had contacts with plotters and British policy shaped...

The Moscow treaty renounced a range of Tsarist-era privileges and debts and recognized Persian sovereignty. Article 6 also reserved a Soviet right to intervene if a third power used Iranian...

After the government canceled the D’Arcy concession in 1932, negotiations produced a new agreement with the Anglo-Persian Oil Company. The Majlis ratified it May 28; royal assent followed May 29. It...

A foreign ministry circular took effect on Nowruz, asking governments to use “Iran” and “Iranian” in official correspondence instead of the Western exonym “Persia.” Iran was already used domestically;...

British and Soviet troops entered from south and north, citing security concerns and German nationals. The operation also secured an Allied supply corridor to the USSR and protected strategic...

Three weeks after the invasion, Reza Shah abdicated and his son Mohammad Reza Pahlavi succeeded him. Allied pressure and the collapse of Iranian military resistance shaped the succession. Reza Shah...

Iran, Britain, and the Soviet Union signed an alliance treaty during occupation. Britain and the USSR pledged to respect Iran’s independence, sovereignty, and territorial integrity and withdraw forces...