Indirect Vienna negotiations begin to restore the JCPOA

Iran and the E3/EU+3 concluded the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action in Vienna on July 14, setting monitored limits on Iran’s nuclear program in exchange for sanctions relief. On July 20, the...

President Donald Trump announced that the United States would end its participation in the nuclear deal and reimpose sanctions. Iran and the other JCPOA participants said the agreement should continue...

The United States fully reimposed sanctions previously lifted or waived under the JCPOA, including measures affecting Iranian oil sales and financial institutions. US rules also exposed some foreign...

The Trump administration announced that it would designate Iran’s Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps as a Foreign Terrorist Organization; the designation took effect April 15. This was the first time...

A US drone strike near Baghdad International Airport killed Iranian General Qassem Soleimani and Iraqi Popular Mobilization Forces deputy Abu Mahdi al-Muhandis and others. Washington said the strike...

On April 1, a strike destroyed a building in Iran’s diplomatic compound in Damascus and killed senior IRGC officers; Israel neither claimed nor denied responsibility. On April 13 Iran launched...

After France, Germany, and the United Kingdom triggered the JCPOA snapback process in August, UN sanctions returned on September 28, according to the E3 and EU. The EU Council adopted its own...

The United States and Israel launched a joint military campaign against Iran. This opening use of force set the conflict in motion; Iranian retaliation followed. A decolonial reading starts with...

Iran confirmed the death of Supreme Leader Ali Khamenei during the opening US-Israeli strikes. His killing was a major political and military rupture, but it did not end the Iranian state or the...

Shajareh Tayyebeh Primary School in Minab was struck during the opening attacks. Human Rights Watch reviewed imagery and called for an independent investigation, reporting scores of civilian deaths...