Iran and three European states announce the Tehran Declaration

President Jimmy Carter issued Executive Order 12170, blocking Iranian government and central-bank property under US jurisdiction. The order followed the embassy seizure. It made the rupture materially...

Iraqi forces invaded Iran, beginning a war that lasted until the 1988 ceasefire. The UN had called on both states to refrain from force and settle disputes peacefully. The conflict caused extensive...

The USS Vincennes shot down the Iranian civilian Airbus over the Strait of Hormuz, killing all 290 people aboard. The UN Security Council expressed deep distress and regret and welcomed an ICAO...

The US Congress enacted legislation authorizing sanctions on certain foreign investment in Iran’s petroleum sector. The law extended US pressure beyond direct US-Iran commerce and put third-country...

In his State of the Union address, President George W. Bush grouped Iran, Iraq, and North Korea as an “axis of evil.” The countries had no unified alliance. The phrase placed Iran inside a US-led...

The Security Council demanded that Iran suspend enrichment-related and reprocessing activities and requested an IAEA report. The resolution passed 14–1; Qatar voted against. It linked verification...

Iran and the E3/EU+3 concluded the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action in Vienna on July 14, setting monitored limits on Iran’s nuclear program in exchange for sanctions relief. On July 20, the...

President Donald Trump announced that the United States would end its participation in the nuclear deal and reimpose sanctions. Iran and the other JCPOA participants said the agreement should continue...

The United States fully reimposed sanctions previously lifted or waived under the JCPOA, including measures affecting Iranian oil sales and financial institutions. US rules also exposed some foreign...

The Trump administration announced that it would designate Iran’s Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps as a Foreign Terrorist Organization; the designation took effect April 15. This was the first time...