Japanese troops enter northern Vietnam

The party was founded through a unification initiative led by Nguyễn Ái Quốc (later Hồ Chí Minh). It joined Marxist organizing with the demand to end colonial rule, while its program and later mass...

Members of the Việt Nam Quốc Dân Đảng (VNQDD), joined by some Vietnamese soldiers in the colonial army, launched an uprising in northern Vietnam. French forces crushed it and imposed harsh...

After the failed Yên Bái uprising, French colonial authorities guillotined Nguyễn Thái Học and other VNQDD leaders in Hanoi. Their executions became a symbol of repression and sacrifice in nationalist...

Demonstrations, strikes and peasant mobilization in Nghệ An and Hà Tĩnh developed into the Nghệ-Tĩnh Soviet movement. Participants challenged colonial officials, landlords and local authority;...

Activists organized a campaign to collect grievances and petition the French Popular Front government. It opened temporary space for political organizing but was constrained by colonial authorities...

An armed uprising broke out in Cochinchina amid wartime repression and political mobilization. French authorities used severe force to suppress it; arrests and executions followed. The uprising...

The Việt Nam Độc Lập Đồng Minh (Viet Minh) was organized as a broad independence front under communist leadership. It mobilized across social groups against Japanese occupation and French colonial...

A small armed unit organized under Võ Nguyên Giáp was established in Cao Bằng. It joined political organizing with military action and later became a core of the revolutionary armed forces. The...

Famine killed a very large number of people, with estimates commonly reaching into the millions. Wartime requisitions, Japanese and French policies, transport disruption, crop failures and unequal...

Japanese forces disarmed French troops and ended the Vichy colonial administration in Indochina. The coup disrupted colonial command and created a short-lived political opening as Japan sought local...