The Junius Pamphlet is published under a pseudonym

Luxemburg joins Karl Liebknecht, Clara Zetkin and Franz Mehring in an organized anti-war current, initially operating within the SPD. Its members distribute illegal material and call for international...

She responds to objections to The Accumulation of Capital and clarifies her argument about capitalism’s relations with non-capitalist settings. The response was written while she was imprisoned and...

The manuscript later known as the Junius Pamphlet analyzes the war as a crisis of international social democracy. It condemns the collapse of workers’ internationalism but has itself been criticized...

The network adopts the Spartacus name and circulates political letters against the war. The group remains a small minority in a society where military command, censorship and nationalist...

The preface explains the purpose of the pamphlet and its criticism of social democracy’s support for the war. It frames the catastrophe as political and international, not simply a military conflict...

Lenin welcomes the pamphlet’s anti-war force but criticizes its analysis of national liberation and some political conclusions. The exchange demonstrates that opposition to imperialist war did not...

She is held in Berlin, later transferred to Wronki and Breslau, remaining imprisoned until the revolution in November 1918. Her imprisonment removes a leading voice from public organizing but...

From prison, Luxemburg welcomes the Russian Revolution and analyzes its international consequences. She views the overthrow of the tsar as a world-historical opening while fearing isolation if...

Luxemburg supports the revolution’s challenge to war and landlord power, while warning that restrictions on political freedoms threaten socialist self-government. Her criticism is later published...

Her manuscript praises the Bolsheviks’ break with imperial war and landlordism but criticizes the suppression of political pluralism and the restriction of democratic life. The argument insists that...