Trotsky delivers a lecture on the Russian Revolution in Copenhagen

He argued that the Comintern’s direction had subordinated Chinese communists to the Kuomintang and contributed to catastrophic defeats. His analysis centered class independence, while decolonial...

Trotsky and his family were forced out of the USSR and arrived in Turkey, beginning years of precarious exile. His deportation silenced him inside the Soviet Union while allowing a transnational...

Trotsky arrived in Turkey after Soviet authorities removed him from Alma-Ata. This began a long exile shaped by visa restrictions, surveillance, and international political conflict.

His autobiography recounts revolutionary activity and exile but is also a political intervention written amid the struggle over Soviet history. It is valuable testimony, not a neutral record; it...

The book assembled arguments about revolution in countries with uneven development, including the possibility that democratic and socialist tasks could become linked. Its internationalist framework...

He concluded that the German Communist Party’s failure to stop Hitler could not be corrected through its existing leadership and called for building new parties and an international. This marked a...

Following far-right league demonstrations and political crisis, Trotsky advocated a workers’ united front against fascism. His writing treated fascism as a mass movement linked to capitalist crisis...

Trotsky challenged a draft that equated a Black republic with white supremacy, calling Black majority rule a step toward liberation. The intervention is notable in his anticolonial thought, but it...

He argued that Black majority rule was a necessary democratic step and rejected a draft line equating it with white supremacy. The intervention contested settler colonial assumptions, but South...

The book analyzed the Soviet bureaucracy as a privileged layer that had usurped political power while retaining state ownership. It is a major critique of Stalinism, but its categories and claims...