Shanghai massacre shatters the first united-front strategy

The census counted the population of the Soviet Union and recorded data including nationality, language, age and literacy. It created an important statistical basis for planning and social policy,...

A new family code, adopted in November 1926 and effective from 1 January 1927, strengthened civil marriage and formal equality between spouses while recognizing de facto marriage and children born...

Delegates from anti-colonial, nationalist and communist movements met at the League Against Imperialism congress. The Comintern and Soviet networks supported the initiative, which connected colonial...

The congress closed after adopting resolutions against colonial domination and racial hierarchy. It brought anti-colonial activists into contact with socialist organizations and publicized struggles...

The government approved construction of the Turkestan-Siberian railway, designed to connect Central Asia with Siberian grain and industrial centers. The railway promised mobility and economic...

British police raided the Soviet trade delegation and the All-Russian Cooperative Society (ARCOS), alleging that they had been used to obtain military information. The USSR denounced the raid as a...

The British government terminated diplomatic relations after the ARCOS raid and a wider dispute over Soviet activity. The break disrupted trade and increased fears of military isolation in Moscow....

Chinese Communist forces launched an uprising in Nanchang after the collapse of the united front with the Kuomintang. The revolt marked a turn toward independent armed struggle, influenced by...

At an emergency conference, Chinese Communist leaders repudiated the previous alliance strategy and adopted a line emphasizing armed struggle and agrarian revolution. The shift reflected the party’s...

The Soviet Union and Persia signed a treaty of guarantee and neutrality as both governments sought to manage security in a region shaped by Russian and British imperial competition. Soviet diplomacy...