Soviet Union and China sign an agreement restoring relations

The British government formally recognized the USSR, opening diplomatic relations after years of non-recognition and intermittent trade. Recognition reflected practical interests and the postwar...

Italy formally recognized the USSR, one of several European governments that established relations with the new state in 1924. Diplomatic recognition improved Soviet access to trade and...

The party leadership approved a large recruitment drive after Lenin’s death, opening membership to hundreds of thousands of workers. The campaign broadened the social base of the Communist Party while...

The plenary of the Bukhara Communist Party endorsed national-territorial delimitation, part of a sequence of regional party decisions that preceded the reorganization of Soviet Central Asia. Local...

The first Party Congress after Lenin’s death opened amid a leadership struggle and debates over party growth, discipline and economic policy. The meeting marked a transition in party leadership and...

The Politburo approved a plan to redraw Central Asia’s administrative map around designated national republics and autonomous regions. The plan proposed Uzbek and Turkmen republics and a...

An armed uprising began in Georgia against Soviet rule, drawing on opposition to the loss of independence, coercive state policy and restrictions on political life. Soviet security forces crushed...

The Central Executive Committee approved the reorganization of Central Asia, establishing the Uzbek and Turkmen SSRs and a Tajik autonomous republic within Uzbekistan. The reforms dismantled the...

The First State Great Khural proclaimed the Mongolian People’s Republic and adopted its first constitution, abolishing the monarchy after the Bogd Khan’s death. Mongolia was not a Soviet republic, but...

The USSR and Japan signed the Basic Convention establishing diplomatic relations and agreeing on the evacuation of Japanese troops from northern Sakhalin. The settlement restored Soviet sovereignty...