“Dual circulation” enters top-level policy discussion

The NPC adopted a single law to replace three older laws governing foreign-invested enterprises. It promised national treatment and protection against forced technology transfer, reflecting external...

The PBOC announced a revised LPR quotation mechanism to improve the transmission of market-based rates into bank lending. The change aimed to lower financing costs and reduce implicit rate...

The Lingang area was tasked with testing high-standard opening, cross-border finance and trade facilitation. It extended China’s use of pilot zones as controlled laboratories, with reforms designed to...

The law consolidated China’s foreign-investment framework and replaced the earlier joint-venture statutes. Its formal protections addressed longstanding foreign-business concerns, while implementation...

The guidelines called for improving market allocation of land, labor, capital, technology and data. They sought to deepen market mechanisms while retaining state planning and public ownership,...

Chinese regulators halted the planned listing after new financial rules were announced, marking a major turn toward tighter oversight of platform finance. The episode exposed tension between privately...

China and fourteen Asia-Pacific partners signed RCEP after years of negotiations. The agreement created a large regional trade framework and expanded China’s regional economic integration, while trade...

The code consolidated civil rules on property, contracts and personal rights, including protections for private property and housing. It provided a common legal foundation for market transactions,...

The plan prioritized technological self-reliance, domestic demand, green transition and “dual circulation.” It formalized a strategy to reduce external vulnerabilities and direct investment toward...

A Central Financial and Economic Affairs Commission meeting called for common prosperity within high-quality development. The agenda revived questions of redistribution and access to services, but...