Rouhani and Putin advance cooperation during Moscow visit

Russia announced that deliveries of S-300 air-defence systems to Iran were complete, marking the supply milestone after years of dispute and renewed negotiations.

Iran and Russia signed state export-credit agreements for a thermal power plant and electrification of the Garmsar–Incheh Borun railway, linking finance to infrastructure projects.

The foreign ministers of Iran, Russia and Turkey issued a joint declaration in Moscow supporting a Syrian political settlement and setting out principles for further cooperation.

Russia voted for Security Council Resolution 2336, which welcomed Syria ceasefire efforts and looked toward Astana negotiations where Iran would join Russia and Turkey.

Syrian government and armed opposition representatives began talks in Astana, supported by Iran, Russia and Turkey, with the UN participating in efforts to strengthen the ceasefire.

Iran, Russia and Turkey signed a memorandum in Astana to establish de-escalation areas in Syria, assuming guarantor roles in an effort to reduce fighting.

Iran hosted the second trilateral summit with Russia and Azerbaijan in Tehran, continuing the regional dialogue begun in Baku and discussions of practical cooperation.

Rouhani, Putin and Recep Tayyip Erdogan met in Sochi and issued a joint statement on Syria, linking their Astana cooperation to efforts toward a political process.

After the United States announced withdrawal from the JCPOA, Russia criticised the decision and affirmed continued cooperation with the other participants, supporting Iran’s diplomatic position.

Iran and the Eurasian Economic Union, including Russia, signed an interim agreement leading toward a free-trade area, broadening the institutional framework for economic ties.